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Cuir an òrdugh a-rèir
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toraidhean air an aon duilleag
| comh-spàirn | vn Wrestle with. |
| comh-spàirn | sf Emulation, rivalry. 2 Wrestle. 3 Mutual struggle. |
| spàirnidh | fut aff a of spàirn. |
| spàrn | see spàirn. |
| ciar-shùileach | a Dark-eyed. 2 Having a scowling eye. B' fhada spàirn nan ciar-shùileach, long was the struggle of the dark-eyed (chiefs). |
| eascaraid | -cairdean, sm Adversary, enemy, literally ‘non-friend.’ B’ ann an-siud a bha an spàirn gun ascaraid, the weather was conflict enough without enemies - Duanaire 188; pòg eascaraid, an enemy's kiss. |
| spàirn | -e, sf Effort, hard struggle, violent exertion. 2 Striving, contest, conflict. 3 Emulation, rivalry. 4 Pain, agony. 5 Difficulty. 6 Stress, violence, force. 7** Log of wood. 8** Wrestle. Cha spàirn sin orm, that is no hard task to me; nì mi sin gun spàirn, I can manage that without an effort; spàirn a' bhàis, the death-agony; spàirn nan laoch, the struggle of the heroes. |
| dèan | v. irreg. Do, make, act, work, perform. 2* Suppose, imagine, think.
Conjugated thus - Active Voice:
IND past rinn mi etc, I etc did.
IND fut nì mi etc, I etc shall do.
INTERR past (an? nach?) do rinn mi etc, did I etc (not?)
NEG cha do rinn mi etc, I etc did not.
INTERR fut (an? nach?) dèan mi, shall I (not) do?
NEG cha dèan mi, I shall not do. [cha dhèan (asp). in Suth'd].
SUBJ past (ged) dhèanainn, (though) I would do; (ged) dhèanamaid, (though) we would do (ged) dhèanadh tu, e, i, sibh, iad, (though) thou, he, she, ye, they would do. [Cha dhèanadh (asp). in Suth'd].
SUBJ fut (ma) nì mi etc, (if) I etc do.
IMP 1st pers sing dèanam, let me do.
INF a dhèanamh, to do. [properly its, doing.
There is no infinitive in Gaelic, but unfortunately the Gaelic Verbal Noun frequently appears in places where in English infinitives would be used. A true Infinitive cannot govern the genitive case. A participle is a noun and therefore governs the genitive case, an infinitive is a verb and therefore cannot govern a noun in the genitive. When one sees a thing called “an infinitive” governing something in the genitive, it may be concluded that it is a noun, not a verb, and consequently, not an infinitive. Bonnach a mhealladh na cloinne, is a bannock for deceiving of (NOT to deceive) the children; bu mhath leis an rìgh Pàdraig a theachd, is translated, the king wished Pat to come, whereas what is meant is, the king wished Pat to coming. That teachd = coming and not come. This appears from the following, which occurs in MacTalla. “Bu mhath leam iad a dh'fhàgail nan each,” I wish them to leave (to leaving) of the horses. Now, nan each is incontestably a genitive case, therefore it must have been governed by a noun, not by a verb. The Latin amāre: was an infinitive, so it could not govern a genitive, but amātum was a noun and declinable like a noun. So was the old Celtic gerund or verbal noun, equally declinable and many of them showed a dative case after the preposition do. Cuir in the dative, is, to this day, cur, which is its dative. But further, what about “bu mhath leam iad dha m' fhàgail,” (some write “'gam fhàgail”)? If fàgail equals in this case an infinitive, i.e. if it is to be translated to come, we shall have my to come. In other words, because fàgail is qualified by a possessive pronoun or by a possessive adjective, we see that it is a noun, not a verb. My coming, my leaving, are possible, my to come, my to leave, are inconceivable. As every one of the so-called infinitives can (1) take a possessive adjective and can (2) govern a noun in the genitive, the conclusion is that these “infinitives” are all nouns and not verbs].
PRES PART a' dèanamh, doing.
Passive Voice
Properly a Graphic or Historic voice, not “Passive.” No intransitive verb can have a passive voice, but all intransitive verbs in Gaelic have an impersonal or graphic form. Chualas a bhith a' fosgladh an dorais, I heard (people) opening the door; dh'iarr a' mhuir a bhith 'ga taghal, the sea wished people to resort to her. Here “a bhith aig” seems to include a subject (people). However, this is not revelant, see MacTalla, vi. p 50 “Dèanar caol-dìreach air an àite,” (they) made straight for the place. “Dèanar” is an intransitive verb, like “go.” Translate it for a moment as “go.” If it be passive, then the sentence means (they) are go-ed (or went-ed) straight &c. Again, cha tigear as eugmhais na pìoba, (people) cannot get on without the bagpipe — “tigear” is passive, then the sentence means without the bagpipe it will no, be comed. Tachrar maighdean Eilean an Éisg orra, thuit i an trom ghaol air D., the maiden of Eilean an Éisg meets them, she falls in heavy love on D.; not the maiden will be met on them, Not she will be fallen in heavy love on D].
IND past rinneadh mi etc, I etc was made.
IND fut nithear mi etc, I etc shall be made.
INTERR past (an? nach?) do rinneadh mi, was I (not) made? NEG cha do rinneadh mi, I was not made.
IND fut (an? nach?) Dèanar mi etc, shall I etc (not) be made? NEG cha dèanar mi, I shall not be made.
SUBJ past (ged) dhèanteadh mi, (though) I should be made.
SUBJ fut (ma) nithear mi etc, (if) I etc shall be made.
PAST PART dèanta, done.
dèan aithreachas, repent, [= gabh aithreachas]. dèan aoibhneas, rejoice. dèan athchuinge, supplicate. dèan breug, tell a lie. dèan bròn, mourn. dèan bun, trust, confide. dèan cabhag, hasten, make haste. dèan cadal, sleep. dèan caithream, triumph. 2 applaud. dèan ceannairc, rebel. dèan ceartas, decide impartially. dèan còmhnadh (leinn), aid (us). dèan còmhnaidh, dwell. dèan an dàil, delay. dèan deifir, hasten, make haste. dèan dhe, receive, show hospitality to. Rinn e glé mhath dhiom, he received me well, treated me hospitably. dèan dìcheall, endeavour. dèan dìmeas, despise. dèan do bhiadh, make or cook your food. dèan do chasan, run away, (make use of your feet). dèan do chluasan, hearken, (use your ears). dèan do chrochadh, hang thyself. dèan do shùilean, took, attend, (use your eyes). dèan éigin, compel. dèan eòlas do, heal by counteracting incantation. dèan fadal, delay. dèan faire, watch. dèan faisneachd, prophesy. dèan fanaid, mock. dèan fianais, bear witness. dèan fìrinn, speak the truth. dèan foighidinn, have patience. dèan fòirneart, oppress. dèan fuasgladh, release, deliver. dèan fuireach, stay. dèan furtachd, delay. 2 give relief. dèan gàirdeachas, rejoice. dèan gu réidh, do at leisure. dèan guth aige san dol seachad, call on him in passing; dèan iochd, pity. dèan iomlaid, exchange. dèan iomradh (air), speak of. dèan iteag, fly. dèan iùl, guide. dèan luaidh (air), speak of. dèan laighe, lie down. dèan magadh, mock. dèan masgal, flatter. dèan mìr, make a piece, help yourself. dèan mire, play, sport. dèan maille, delay, stop. dèan mulad, be sorry. [= bi muladach]. dèan òran, compose a song. dèan réite, make peace, reconcile. dèan sanas, whisper. dèan seasamh, stand. dèan sgeul (air), declare. dèan sgur, cease. dèan socair, do at leisure. dèan sòradh, hesitate. dèan spàirn, strive. dèan stad, stop. dèan strì, try, strive, compete. dèan suas, make up, compensate. dèan subhachas, be glad. [= bi subhach]. dèan sùgradh, sport. dèan suidhe, sit down. dèan sùil ri, lay an evil eye upon. dèan tàir, despise. dèan d' anail, rest yourself, draw your breath. [better leig d' anail]. dèan tarcais, despise. dèan truas, show pity. dèan uaill (air or ás), boast, be proud of. dèan ùrnaigh, pray. dèan air do shocair, or dèan air d' athais, do at leisure; cha dèan cas luath maorach, or cha dèan bean luath tràigh, (one with) a hasty foot will not get shellfish; ge b'e có rinn dhut an t-sùil, whoso laid on thee the (evil) eye; tha mi a' dèanamh dheth, I suppose; a bheil thu a' dèanamh dheth? do you suppose? dèan dhomh, make for me; dèan fastadh, hire yourself; dèan suas càirdeas, make up friendship; dèantar truas rium, let pity be shown to me; bha e an dùil gun dèanach e an rathad dhachaigh leis fhéin, he thought he could find the way home by himself.
In Arran the fut aff is dèanaidh; the fut subj ma dhèanas mi; future pass subj dèanar, ma dhèanar. An doir mi dha seo? Thoir. (not bheir), shall I give him this? Yes - Arran.
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| cuir | pr pt a' cur [& a' curadh, **] va Put, place. 2 Lay. 3 Send. 4 Invite. 5 Sow. 6 Act upon. 7 Produce an effect. 8 Influence. 9 Tire — Lewis. 10* Snow. Cuir enters into such a number of idiomatic phrases in Gaelic that it has been found necessary to annex a somewhat lengthy list for beginners. cuir a-bhàn, put down. cuir a' bhuntàta, plant the potatoes. cuir a dh'iarraidh, send for. cuir a dholaidh, spoil, abuse. cuir a ghal, set crying. cuir air, prevail. 2 molest. 3 beach, as a boat. Cha chuir e air, it will not annoy him; cuir air laidhe thuige, make the ship lie-to; is beag tha a' cur orm, I am quite well, alright; cuir an t-eathar air, beach the boat. cuir (an sgeul) air a bhallaibh, tell, relate adequately. cuir air adhart, forward, promote. cuir air aimhreidh, put wrong. cuir air ath latha, delay. cuir air bonnaibh, describe. Is deacair domh-sa a cur air a bonnaibh, it is very difficult for me to describe her adequately. cuir air chois, institute. 2 set on foot. 3 erect. 4 rouse out of bed. cuir air chrith, cause to shake. cuir air chuimhne, put in remembrance, remind cuir air cùl, abrogate, put behind, abandon, forget, discard. cuir àird (air), prepare (it). cuir air dìoghladh, see cuir bhon deoghal. cuir air falbh, put or send away, discharge. cuir air gnothach, send on a message. cuir air lagh, prepare, adjust as a bow, cock at a gun. cuir air leth, separate, appropriate, set apart. cuir air mhire, transport with. joy. cuir air mhisg, make drunk. cuir air riadh, put to usury. cuir air sheòl, put in good tune. cuir (air) teicheadh, put (him) to flight. cuir air a thapadh (e), encourage (him). cuir air thiormachadh, put out to dry, as washing. cuir aithne air, get acquainted with, renew acquaintance with. cuir alladh (air), libel him. cuir a-mach, publish as a book, 2 extinguish, put out. 3 vomit. cuir a-mach (air), set (him) at variance, quarrel with (him). 2 disagree. Chuir iad a- mach air a chéile, they disagreed. cuir am farsaingeachd, enlarge, extend. cuir am fiachaibh, bind one to act in a given manner. cuir am mearachd, misdirect, misadvise, deceive. cuir air mugha, render useless. cuir an aghaidh, oppose. Cuir 'na aghaidh, oppose him. cuir an àirde, put up, exalt. cuir an amharas, doubt. cuir an céill, declare, describe, confess. cuir an clòdh, print, set up in type. cuir an geall, bet, mortgage. cuir an gnìomh, put into action. cuir an ìre, cause to believe, 2 lay on, as a duty, compel. cuir ann, further, promote. 2 reinstate. Chuir e ann dhomh, he promoted my interest; cuir ann don mhath, promote good. cuir an neo-bhrìgh, make of none effect. cuir an neo-phrìs, despise. cuir an omhail, treat as nothing. cuir an suarachas, slight, make light of. cuir an suim, execute. cuir an seilbh, instal. cuir an umhail, suspect. cuir ás a ghabhail (e), disappoint (him). cuir ás a phoinc (e), disappoint (him). 2 convince (of error of his opinion). cuir ás (dha), extinguish (it). 2 devour or destroy (him). Cuir as don olc, prevent evil. cuir a shean, spend extravagantly. cuir a-staigh (air), make friends with him. 2 overtake him (WC). cuir ás (mo) leth, accuse (me). cuir athchuinge suas, pray, supplicate. cuir beannachdan, send compliments. cuir bhon deoghal, wean. cuir bhuat, put away from you. cuir campar (air), ruffle or vex (him). cuir car dhìot, bestir yourself. Gu dé an ath char a chur thu dhìot? what was your next move? cuir cath, fight. cuir ceart, put to rights. Cuir sa cheart na chì thu tuaitheal, put right what you see wrong. cuir crìoch (air), finish (it); kill (him). cuir thuige, urge, exert; prosecute. Cuir thuige am bàta, make the boat lie-to. cuir comhairle ri, confer, consult. cuir cuidheall dhìot, wheel about. cuir cùl ri, forsake, abandon. cuir dàil (ann), delay, forsake (it).. cuir deagh chath, fight a good battle. cuir deatach, emit smoke. cuir deuchainn air, put to trial. cuir (dhìot), take off, as an article of clothing. 2 descant, deliver, as a speech. Bha e a' cur dheth, he was talking away, or talking to himself; cuir dhìot do chòta, take off your coat. cuir dòchas ann, hope, confide, trust in. cuir duilgheas (air), grieve (him), cause (him) to mourn. cuir dragh (air), trouble him. cuir druigheachd (air), bewitch (him). cuir (eatorra), separate (them). 2(DU) cause a quarrel between them. cuir fàilte (air), salute (him). cuir faire, place a watch, observe. cuir fàs, lay waste. cuir fa sgaoil, release, let go. Bidh gùn is gùn 'gan cur fa sgaoil chum aodaich do na caileagan, dress after dress will taken to pieces for frocks for the little girls. cuir feadh a chéile, mix, disarrange. cuir fios air, or cuir fios air thugad, send for (him). Cuir fios air an leabhar, send for the book; cuir fios a-nìos air, send word for him to come up. cuir fios d' a ionnsaigh, or cuir fios thuige, send word to him (not desiring his presence). cuir fodha, sink. cuir fodhad, put under thee; weather, as a boat. cuir fodhad an rudha sin, weather or get past that cape. cuir fo mhionnaibh, adjure by oath. cuir geall, bet, wager. Cuiridh mi geall riut nach robh, I'll bet you it was not so. cuir glan a dholaidh, spoil completely. cuir gu bàs, kill. cuir gu buil, occupy, employ to some purpose; 2 give effect to. cuir gu fulang, put to trial or suffering. cuir gu taic, trim, manage, give a dressing to. cuir gu taobh, put by. Cuir a dh'aon taobh, put all on one side; cuir an dara taobh, dispose of completely, set in the proper direction. cuir impidh (air), constrain (him). cuir (leam), favour (me), support (me). cuir mar fhiachaibh (air), pretend, make (him) believe; make incumbent upon (him). cuir mu seach, lay by, accumulate. cuir na lìontan an, shoot the nets. cuir (ort), put on you. Cuir ort do bhrògan, put on your shoes. cuir réis, run a race. cuir ri, add to. 2 importune. 3 hasten, apply. 4 be active, be diligent. 5 study. 6 exaggerate. 7 worry. 8 muster. 9 baffle. Cuir riut, eat somewhat, get on with your food. cuir ris na ràimh, take to the oars. cuir romhad, resolve, propose. cuir (roimhe), prompt (him), dictate to (him). cuir sàradh, arreat (in law). cuir seach, see cuir seachad. cuir seachad, hoard, lay by. 2 avoid. Cuir seachad gach spàirn a bhuireadh ort, parry with ease every stroke aimed at you. cuir sìol, sow seed. cuir sìos air, abuse. cuir smugaid (air), spit on (it). cuir smùid, emit smoke. cuir sneachd, snow. Tha e a' cur an t- sneachd, it is snowing; tha e a' cur is a' cathadh, or tha cur is cathadh ann, it is snowing and drifting. cuir stad (air), stop (him). cuir suarach, despise. cuir suas, set up, establish, constitute. cuir suas air, praise — (DU). cuir suas athchuinge, pray, supplicate. cuir suas (leis), bear with (it or him). cuir sùrd air, prepare. cuir teicheadh air, put to flight. cuir thairis, put over, overflow; pass as time. cuir troid, fight, oppose. cuir umad, put on, about (you), dress (your)self. cuir ùbhla (air), fine (him). An ni a chuir iad ri an sùil, the thing that they had definitely concluded to do; cuir ris an iasgaich, employ yourself as hard as you, can at fishing; a' mheud mhór gun chur leatha, the great boasting without anything to support it; chuir sinn iad, we invited them; có a tha a' cur ort? who molests you? cuiridh mise riut, I will master or manage you; có a tha a' cur dragh ort? who molests you? cuir e, invite him; tha mi air mo chur, I am tired; cuir sna casan, take to your heels; cuir sna ràimh, row hard; cuir d' òrdag fo mo chrios, submit, yield; tha caochladh cuir air clò Chaluim, Malcolm's cloth is of a different set; b' olc an t-eòlas a chuir e orra, it was rather a bad thing for him to have ever become acquainted with them; chuir mi eòlach air a chéile iad, I introduced them to each other; cuir air laidhe thuige, make him heave-to; chuir e cluas air fhéin rium, he turned an attentive ear to me; 'se a chuir na cluasan air, it greatly surprised him; chuir e dà chluais air, he was greatly astonished (on hearing something wonderful). |
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